7 Apr 2010

旧邮件里找到的好东西

The author of The Teenage Textbook ( 1988 ) – Adrian Tan, was the guest-of-honour at a recent NTU convocation ceremony. This was his speech to the graduating class of 2008.


I must say thank you to the faculty and staff of the Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information for inviting me to give your convocation address. It’s a wonderful honour and a privilege for me to speak here for ten minutes without fear of contradiction, defamation or retaliation. I say this as a Singaporean and more so as a husband.

My wife is a wonderful person and perfect in every way except one. She is the editor of a magazine. She corrects people for a living. She has honed her expert skills over a quarter of a century, mostly by practising at home during conversations between her and me.

On the other hand, I am a litigator. Essentially, I spend my day telling people how wrong they are. I make my living being disagreeable.

Nevertheless, there is perfect harmony in our matrimonial home. That is because when an editor and a litigator have an argument, the one who triumphs is always the wife.

And so I want to start by giving one piece of advice to the men:
when you’ve already won her heart, you don’t need to win every argument.

Marriage is considered one milestone of life. Some of you may already be married. Some of you may never be married. Some of you will be married. Some of you will enjoy the experience so much, you will be married many, many times. Good for you.

The next big milestone in your life is today: your graduation. The end of education. You’re done learning.

You’ve probably been told the big lie that “Learning is a lifelong process”
and that therefore you will continue studying and taking masters’ degrees and doctorates and professorships and so on. You know the sort of people who tell you that? Teachers. Don’t you think there is some measure of conflict of interest? They are in the business of learning, after all. Where would they be without you? They need you to be repeat customers.

The good news is that they’re wrong.

The bad news is that you don’t need further education because your entire life is over. It is gone. That may come as a shock to some of you. You’re in your teens or early twenties. People may tell you that you will live to be 70, 80, 90 years old. That is your life expectancy.

I love that term: life expectancy. We all understand the term to mean the average life span of a group of people. But I’m here to talk about a bigger idea, which is what you expect from your life.

You may be very happy to know that Singapore is currently ranked as the country with the third highest life expectancy. We are behind Andorra and Japan , and tied with San Marino . It seems quite clear why people in those countries, and ours, live so long. We share one thing in common: our football teams are all hopeless. There’s very little danger of any of our citizens having their pulses raised by watching us play in the World Cup. Spectators are more likely to be lulled into a gentle and restful nap.

Singaporeans have a life expectancy of 81.8 years. Singapore men live to an average of 79.21 years, while Singapore women live more than five years longer, probably to take into account the additional time they need to spend in the bathroom.

So here you are, in your twenties, thinking that you’ll have another 40 years to go. Four decades in which to live long and prosper.

Bad news. Read the papers. There are people dropping dead when they’re 50, 40, 30 years old. Or quite possibly just after finishing their convocation. They would be very disappointed that they didn’t meet their life expectancy.

I’m here to tell you this. Forget about your life expectancy.

After all, it’s calculated based on an average. And you never, ever want to expect being average.

Revisit those expectations. You might be looking forward to working, falling in love, marrying, raising a family. You are told that, as graduates, you should expect to find a job paying so much, where your hours are so much, where your responsibilities are so much.

That is what is expected of you. And if you live up to it, it will be an awful waste.

If you expect that, you will be limiting yourself. You will be living your life according to boundaries set by average people. I have nothing against average people. But no one should aspire to be them. And you don’t need years of education by the best minds in Singapore to prepare you to be average.

What you should prepare for is mess. Life’s a mess. You are not entitled to expect anything from it. Life is not fair. Everything does not balance out in the end. Life happens, and you have no control over it. Good and bad things happen to you day by day, hour by hour, moment by moment. Your degree is a poor armour against fate.

Don’t expect anything. Erase all life expectancies. Just live. Your life is over as of today. At this point in time, you have grown as tall as you will ever be, you are physically the fittest you will ever be in your entire life and you are probably looking the best that you will ever look. This is as good as it gets. It is all downhill from here. Or up. No one knows.

What does this mean for you? It is good that your life is over.

Since your life is over, you are free. Let me tell you the many wonderful things that you can do when you are free.

The most important is this: do not work.

Work is anything that you are compelled to do. By its very nature, it is undesirable.

Work kills. The Japanese have a term “Karoshi”, which means death from overwork. That’s the most dramatic form of how work can kill. But it can also kill you in more subtle ways. If you work, then day by day, bit by bit, your soul is chipped away, disintegrating until there’s nothing left. A rock has been ground into sand and dust.

Here’s a common misconception that work is necessary. You will meet people working at miserable jobs. They tell you they are “making a living”. No, they’re not. They’re dying, frittering away their fast-extinguishing lives doing things which are, at best, meaningless and, at worst, harmful.

People will tell you that work ennobles you, that work lends you a certain dignity. Work makes you free. The slogan “Arbeit macht frei” was placed at the entrances to a number of Nazi concentration camps. Utter nonsense.

Do not waste the vast majority of your life doing something you hate so that you can spend the small remainder sliver of your life in modest comfort. You may never reach that end anyway.

Resist the temptation to get a job. Instead, play. Find something you enjoy doing. Do it. Over and over again. You will become good at it for two reasons: you like it, and you do it often. Soon, that will have value in itself.

I like arguing, and I love language. So, I became a litigator. I enjoy it and I would do it for free. If I didn’t do that, I would’ve been in some other type of work that still involved writing fiction – probably a sports journalist.

So what should you do? You will find your own niche. I don’t imagine you will need to look very hard. By this time in your life, you will have a very good idea of what you will want to do. In fact, I’ll go further and say the ideal situation would be that you will not be able to stop yourself pursuing your passions. By this time you should know what your obsessions are. If you enjoy showing off your knowledge and feeling superior, you might become a teacher.

Find that pursuit that will energise you, consume you, become an obsession. Each day, you must rise with a restless enthusiasm. If you don’t, you are working.

Most of you will end up in activities which involve communication. To those of you I have a second message: be wary of the truth. I’m not asking you to speak it, or write it, for there are times when it is dangerous or impossible to do those things. The truth has a great capacity to offend and injure, and you will find that the closer you are to someone, the more care you must take to disguise or even conceal the truth. Often, there is great virtue in being evasive, or equivocating. There is also great skill. Any child can blurt out the truth, without thought to the consequences. It takes great maturity to appreciate the value of silence.

In order to be wary of the truth, you must first know it. That requires great frankness to yourself. Never fool the person in the mirror.

I have told you that your life is over, that you should not work, and that you should avoid telling the truth. I now say this to you: be hated.

It’s not as easy as it sounds. Do you know anyone who hates you? Yet every great figure who has contributed to the human race has been hated, not just by one person, but often by a great many. That hatred is so strong it has caused those great figures to be shunned, abused, murdered and in one famous instance, nailed to a cross.

One does not have to be evil to be hated. In fact, it’s often the case that one is hated precisely because one is trying to do right by one’s own convictions. It is far too easy to be liked, one merely has to be accommodating and hold no strong convictions. Then one will gravitate towards the centre and settle into the average. That cannot be your role. There are a great many bad people in the world, and if you are not offending them, you must be bad yourself. Popularity is a sure sign that you are doing something wrong.

The other side of the coin is this: fall in love.

I didn’t say “be loved”. That requires too much compromise. If one changes one’s looks, personality and values, one can be loved by anyone.

Rather, I exhort you to love another human being. It may seem odd for me to tell you this. You may expect it to happen naturally, without deliberation. That is false. Modern society is anti-love. We’ve taken a microscope to everyone to bring out their flaws and shortcomings. It far easier to find a reason not to love someone, than otherwise. Rejection requires only one reason. Love requires complete acceptance. It is hard work – the only kind of work that I find palatable.

Loving someone has great benefits. There is admiration, learning, attraction and something which, for the want of a better word, we call happiness. In loving someone, we become inspired to better ourselves in every way. We learn the truth worthlessness of material things. We celebrate being human. Loving is good for the soul.

Loving someone is therefore very important, and it is also important to choose the right person. Despite popular culture, love doesn’t happen by chance, at first sight, across a crowded dance floor. It grows slowly, sinking roots first before branching and blossoming. It is not a silly weed, but a mighty tree that weathers every storm.

You will find, that when you have someone to love, that the face is less important than the brain, and the body is less important than the heart.

You will also find that it is no great tragedy if your love is not reciprocated. You are not doing it to be loved back. Its value is to inspire you.

Finally, you will find that there is no half-measure when it comes to loving someone. You either don’t, or you do with every cell in your body, completely and utterly, without reservation or apology. It consumes you, and you are reborn, all the better for it.

Don’t work. Avoid telling the truth. Be hated. Love someone.

You’re going to have a busy life. Thank goodness there’s no life expectancy.

16 Mar 2010

Source unknown, but nice read, for sharing =]

10 habits of happy couples
Are you looking for ways to improve your relationship with your spouse? Here are a few healthy habits of happy couples, according to the Times of India.

#1 Go to bed at the same time
Remember the early days of your relationship when you couldn’t wait to get into bed with each other to make love? Happy couples resist the temptation to go to bed at different times. They go to bed at the same time, even if one wakes up later to do things while their partner sleeps.

#2 Cultivate common interests
After the passion simmers, it is common to realise that you have few interests in common. Try to home in on those common interests and do things together and enjoy each other’s company at the same time. Don’t underestimate the importance of couple activities, however few they are.
If common interests are absent, happy couples take time to develop them. But be sure to cultivate interests of your own; this will make you more interesting to your mate and prevent you from appearing too dependent.

#3 Walk hand in hand or side by side
Rather than one partner lagging or dragging behind the other, happy couples walk comfortably hand in hand or side by side. They know it’s more important to be with their partner than to see the sights along the way.

#4 Make trust and forgiveness a default mode
Whenever there is a misunderstanding or when two cannot agree on an issue, do you bear grudges and build up ammunition against each other?
Refrain from doing that as it only makes solving problems difficult.
If a disagreement or an argument cannot be resolved, happy couples default to trusting and forgiving and reset the relationship from there, instead of keeping count of faults.

#5 Focus more on what your partner does right than what he or she does wrong
If you look for things your partner does wrong, you can always find something. If you look for what he or she does right, you can always find something, too. It all depends on what you want to look out for and focus on. Happy couples accentuate the positive and affirm that in each other.

#6 Hug each other as soon as you see each other after work
Our skin has a memory of “good touch” (loved), “bad touch” (abused) and “no touch” (neglected).
Couples who say hello with a hug keep their skin bathed in the “good touch” can inoculate your spirit against anonymity in the world. One is reassured of love and belonging.

#7 Say “I love you” and “Have a good day” every morning
This is a great way to buy some patience and tolerance as each partner sets out each day to battle traffic jams, long lines and other annoyances.

#8 Say “Good night” every night, regardless of how you feel
This tells your partner that, regardless of how upset you are with him or her, you still want to be in the relationship. It says that what you and your partner have is bigger than any single upsetting incident.

#9 Do a “weather” check during the day
Call your partner at home or at work to see how his or her day is going. This is a great way to adjust expectations so that you’re more in sync when you connect after work. For instance, if your partner is having a lousy day, it might be unreasonable to expect him or her to be enthusiastic about something good that happened to you.

#10 Be proud to be seen with your partner
Happy couples are pleased to be seen together and are often in some kind of affectionate contact – hand on hand or hand on shoulder or back. They are not showing off but rather just saying that they belong with each other.

The worst thing to do is to forget to introduce your partner when you bump into a friend or colleague when you’re out about town. This sends the wrong signal to your partner that he is not your significant other and you are embarrassed to show him or her off to others.

________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
Happy couples have different habits than unhappy couples.

A habit is a discrete behaviour that you do automatically and that takes little effort to maintain. All it takes is 21 days of daily repetition of a new behaviour so that it becomes a habit. So select one of the behaviours in the list above to work on proactively for 21 days to cultivate a habit that will make you happier as a couple.

And if you fall off the wagon, don’t despair, just apologise to your partner, ask their forgiveness and recommit yourself to getting back in the habit.

7 Jul 2009


我的射手座分析
90%准耶 读读看



乐观与忧愁:射手座人的内心不是外表看上去那么乐观的,因为喜欢看的远,容易担忧的事情也就多,在他们的字典里,即使现在好,也不一定代表未来好,有时候很多人觉得很好的一个工作或一个伴侣,他们很轻易的就会放弃掉,可能只是因为一个毫不起眼的小原因。所以,这样的外在表现,就让人们觉得他们不喜欢被某件事情或某个人束缚住,追求自由的,没有压力的感觉。(准耶)

现实:常说射手座是追求梦想的人,但往往忽略了他们现实的一面,算计起来不会比处女座差哦,只是更高明更隐藏罢了。射手座人的梦想是必须建立在现实的基础上的,一般他们很少谈及自己的梦想,而是实际的去做一些向梦想靠拢的事情。(这很像我)如果可以借巧力完成的事情,决不会多花一点工夫。所以有时候射手座也容易给人耍小聪明的感觉。(会吗?)可是,不得不承认他们完成的还满不错。也许终其一生,他们都在考虑怎么巧妙的做一些事情,花最少的精力去达到最好的效果。所以,很多射手座看上去让人们会觉得很懒,但是其实他们的大脑可没有停下过思考现实的事情。(都说了懒只是我的外表!)

拒绝低俗:几乎所有的射手座内心都是骄傲的,(哇!)其程度绝不亚于狮子座。只不过他们不会显现在脸上,外在的表现总是随和的,恰当的。可是内在有着极强的自尊心,敏感也情绪化。(对哦)因为射手座人心中是骄傲的,所以他们拒绝低俗,不喜欢任何俗气的、粗鲁的事或人。如果可以,他们希望一切有关的事物,都是优雅的、高尚的,值得品味的。(对对!)而真正能让他们觉得值得交朋友或谈恋爱的人是很少的,虽然表面上他们是很随和的。(所以我朋友不多

多情:很多人说射手座多情,尤其是男性。(。。。)其实在射手座人的心目中,对于爱情确实有理想化的倾向,和他们谈恋爱,是一件高难度的事情。(我很容易相处的,真的!)他们非常讨厌俗气人,所以你不能很物质或喜欢谈钱,但是他们又很现实,所以你不能一文不名,各方面也必须有一定的实力。(我是这样矛盾的)物质与精神,你必须平衡的刚刚好,才让他们觉得你值得去爱。或者,你有足够的神秘感,可以让他们不知道你的缺点在哪里,而盲目的爱你。(长大了,不会这样了)一般,当然是没有完美无缺的人的,所以,可能象金牛座这样永远会让射手感觉捉摸不透的闷闷的人,会非常吸引他们;或者象双子那样,足够机智,懂得察言观色,捕捉他们的情绪,才会让他们感觉到爱情的甜蜜。(金牛和双子吗?)

一般射手的感情模式是,第一阶段,你们还不熟悉,他(她)爱上了你,非常热情。第二阶段,你们逐渐熟悉,而他(她)开始龟毛,整天挑剔你的毛病,无论是背地里还是当面。如果你有幸通过他(她)的挑剔过程,基本挑剔出的毛病为零或者你把缺点保密的非常好;那么进入第三阶段,他们就又是忠诚和热情的爱人了。(是这样的吗?)但是基本能通过第二阶段的人非常少,所以有了射手多情一说。(也对)其实射手对恋人的挑剔,是源于对爱情的挑剔,对丧失自由感的恐惧。射手座人的人生,往往是幸运的,因为他们是聪慧的、明朗的、通透的。与众不同,也许是他们终生追求的梦想,希望每一个射手人,可以找到他们的梦想!(希望吧。。)

人人都说射手座是感情的骗子,对爱情不尊重,只追求片刻的快感,是花心与冲满欲望的象征。(什么嘛?)朋友们…你们了解射手座最真实的一面吗?射手座是大孩子,天真与善良,遇到爱情时,可能让人感觉不认真,付出的比谁都少。可是,知道吗?射手座很想爱,却也很怕爱!(重点来了。。T_T)刚开始他们只是慢慢的付出,谨慎的爱,好怕自己会受伤。可是在一句一句的爱,一天一天的相处下,射手座把带刺的防备丢掉,开始不顾一切的去爱他们所爱的人,在别人眼中,只是射手座为了达到某种目的而作的行动。可射手座不介意,他会在自己幸福的想象中陶醉,希望对方能感受自己的爱,想对方觉得与自己一齐是幸福的。( =] ) 在射手座爱上了一个人,他会把自己放到最后。有苦自己承担,可能会因为吵了一场小架而不开心,却也是最快认错,无论谁的错,他们都会包容,知道吗?( =* )射手座会因为深爱一个人而原谅他的背叛,(我不会原谅背叛的 )会因为你的一句话付出很多。他们爱玩,在玩的同时,也希望把那一份好心情带给你,射手座是乐观的。(我悲观耶)

人们总觉得射手座的世界很快乐,可是呢?射手座难过时没有人知道,他不想让别人可怜自己,射手座不坚强,可是很善良。(对呀)在你难过时哄你开心,让你有依靠,分手后,他会哭者去想属于你们俩幸福的回忆,也不想爱的人因为同情而勉强和他一齐。他比谁都希望自己爱的人快乐幸福,却常常忽略了自己,全身都是伤也笑着告诉你,我很好不用担心。(总觉得这是我的缺点。。)

在所有人看到他的笑容以为他没事,却不知道失恋对射手座有多大伤害,华丽的外表下有一颗脆弱的需要别人了解和安慰的心。(没人疼) 知道嘛?你的一点关心,心思细腻的射手座会记得你对他的好,把自己的爱毫无保留的送给你,(别滥用我的弱点!)射手座是不被了解的,可他们不会怨谁。他们会傻傻的认为,让我承担吧,别让别人也受到伤害。(我不想伤害任何人。。。)所以,不要让快乐的射手座痛苦,别让他们最有魅力的笑容成为掩饰痛苦的伪装,认真爱射手座。你会知道射手座的爱,是充满泪水的…(也有很多笑容的啦。)

22 Jun 2009


___________

  全球化其实挟带了大量的美国化。

  不仅只是食衣住行的物质,还包括育乐的文化价值和观念,在全球化的运作下,都成为统一的商品,渗透了我的24小时,令人无所逃于天地之间。

  在准备这个题目时,一直在思索,在我自己的生活里,到底“全球化”到了什么样的程度?

  我的早点,往往是牛奶、面包,涂奶油果酱。若是在国际的饭店里,你面临的选择,基本上不是欧式就是美式。边吃早点边读报。看你人在哪个 城市,先读当地的报纸,可能是香港《明报》,可能是台北《中国时报》,可能是新加坡《联合早报》或是《法兰克福汇报》,但是有几份国际的报纸是不管你在哪 里都会找来看的,譬如《国际先驱论坛报》、《亚洲华尔街日报》,或者听BBC的广播,看CNN的电视报道。

  用完早餐,进到浴室冲凉;洗发精的品牌——不管你是在北京还是香港台北纽约,大概都是同样那几个国际品牌。连卫生纸都是。坐在梳妆台 前,发现你的化妆品,不管你在世界上任何一个城市任何一个角落,你用的品牌都是那几样:法国的、美国的、日本的……我是对名牌衣服没有感觉的人,如果讲究 穿品牌服饰的话,那么衣橱一打开,入眼也是那几个熟悉的名字,法文、意大利文、英文。

连城市的样子都一致了

  食跟衣是这样了,那么住、行、育、乐呢?

  住,一个Ikea的家具就把每一个公寓,不管是在墨西哥还是上海、是赫尔辛基还是洛杉矶,都“统一”了。出门坐车,别说是汽车就那几个 固定的选择,连不同城市的地铁都是几个品牌公司的产品。别说家具、汽车等等商品已经全球统一,连城市的样子都一致了。所谓街道家具——马路边的路灯、公车 站牌、广告设置、人行道设计等等,都变成了全球企业的产品。都市的景观和建筑,透过国际竞标,由少数全球化的建筑师与开发商运作,造成面貌相似的大城市。

  食衣住行如此,育与乐就不一样吗?我在吃了欧式早点之后,开着德国品牌的汽车,驶过法国公司设计的街道,到了一个英国建筑师建造的美 术馆大楼,去看一个新的当代艺术展。 很可能是一个多媒体的影音展,用录像机、照相机所摄下的现代感十足的光怪陆离的人生影像。很有意思,但是如果这种展看多了——譬如你已经看过多次的意大利 威尼斯展、巴西圣保罗展、土耳其伊斯坦布尔展、德国卡赛尔展、韩国光州展等等,你会有一个疑问:尽管艺术家不同、地理位置和国家文化不同,怎么“现代”的 解释却大同小异、似曾相识?

  看完展览之后,也许还有时间进了书店。这个书店一进门的地方大概就摆着《哈利•波特》,在香港和台北是繁体中文版,到北京和新加坡是简体中文版。如果是在马德里,会看到西班牙版。在柏林,会看到德文版。不管在哪里,不管什么文字,反正都是哈利•波特。

跟你到天涯海角

  晚上,很可能去看个电影。要避开好莱坞的全球产品可不容易;《铁达尼号》或者奥斯卡印记的《卧虎藏龙》在马来西亚的乡下或是伦敦的市区 里都看得见,有如麦当劳的标准菜单,“全球同步”。如果不想看电影,留在家里懒惰地看电视,会看到什么呢?我最近搬到香港,电视一打开,刚看见片头,孩子 就说:“这个电视节目我知道。”同样的电视节目,美国制片的,在德国放映是德语,在西班牙放映是西班牙语,到了香港就是用粤语发音。人可以到天涯海角,全 球统一了的食衣住行育乐跟着你到天涯海角。

  睡不着吗?想吃一颗安眠药,你会发现,连安眠药也是全球一致的。头疼的吗?止痛药也是全球一致的。养鱼吗?你喂鱼的饲料来自一个国际 连锁商。要快递东西到外国去吗?DHL或是Federal Express,不管你是在北京、台北、法兰克福,处理方法是一样的。发生了法律纠纷吗?需要人寿保险吗?国际连锁的律师事务所、全球连线的保险公司,正 等在你门口。

  不仅只是食衣住行的物质,还包括育乐的文化价值和观念,在全球化的运作下,都成为统一的商品,渗透了我的24小时,令人无所逃于天地之间。
  在100年前梁启超那个时代,知识分子谈所谓的“西学东渐”。西方的影响刚刚来到门口,人们要决定的是究竟我应该敞开门来,让它全部进 来呢,还是只露出一条小小的缝,让某些东西一点点进来。在100年后的今天,所谓“西学”,已经不是一个“渐”不“渐”的问题,它已经从大门、窗子,地下 水道,从门缝里头全面侵入,已经从纯粹的思想跟抽象的理论层次,深入到生活里头成为你呼吸的世界,渗透到最具体的生活内容跟细节之中了。

99%是西方的影响

  因为全球化其实挟带了大量的美国化,所以许多欧洲人对全球化也是戒慎恐惧的。激进者甚至于诉诸暴力,对他们认为象征全球化的符号—— 星巴克、元首高峰会议、麦当劳等等,进行抗争。人们所忧虑的,一方面是资源的垄断——韩国甚至有农民以自杀来凸显全球化所带来的本土产业问题;一方面是价 值的垄断,因为价值被包装成为商品,随着跨国企业的操作,似乎威胁到本土文化的独特性和完整性。当德国的某一家报纸因为经营不善而可能被英国报业集团收购 时,德国总理亲自出面斡旋,为的是不让外资进入本国文化的领域,报纸塑造舆论、传播价值,更是文化的敏感神经。

  在我自己的成长过程中,对“全球化”第一次发生“戒心”是在1975年刚到美国时。在台湾读大学时,教英语的美国教师会要求每一个学 生选一个英文名字,因为她可记不得几十个中文名字。于是一整班的学生都变成了Dick, Tom, Harry;我的名字叫Shirley。

难道不是文化的傲慢?

  到了美国,我开始教美国学生英文写作。面对二三十个美国学生,很难记得谁是谁,我花了一整个下午的时间把人名和脸相配起来,认得了。于是我回想,为什么教我的老师没坐下来花时间,把我们的中文名字记住,反而让50个人都为她的方便而改名呢?

  这难道不是文化的傲慢吗?有了这个认识之后,Shirley从此消失,被“Lung Yingtai”取代,而且不是“Yingtai Lung”。23岁的我觉得,你美国人可以学着发中国名字的音,你可以学着去记中国人的名字和他的脸,你也可以学着知道中国人是把姓放在名字前面的。

  1975年,我还没听过“全球化”这三个字,但是对于所谓文化“交流”事实上是“流”而不“交”的现象,已经觉得有点怀疑。

  随着跨国企业的发展,文化是商品的趋势越来越明显。我这一代几乎是看洋书长大的一代。当我去开国际笔会的时候,在这样一个各国作家汇集 来谈国际和平与文化平权的场合里,我这读洋书长大的人就发现,你可以和大家谈莎士比亚、歌德、托马斯曼、海明威,但是你不能谈曹雪芹、庄子、韩非或张爱 玲,因为,文化商品,大半是单向输出。

  在法兰克福有一天我想买本德文版的《道德经》给孩子,走进当地最大的书店,到哲学部门,找不到;文学部门,找不到;政治学部门,找不 到。最后在哪里找到呢?Esoterics(神秘学)!老庄孔子的书,和风水、日本化的禅宗、生肖、气功、太极拳放在一起,作为同类商品。

  我们的书店会把柏拉图跟西洋占星术归为一类吗?不会,但是我们有可能把非洲最严肃的小说和非洲的“野兽大观”或者“食人族奇谭”放在一起。不是吗?

  全球化是一个既让人欢迎又让人不安的现象。文化,还有人们安身立命的价值,都和商品一样一卡车一卡车卸货,直接送入家门。欢迎,因为我 们突然多了选择,不管是洗衣粉的牌子还是政府的形态;不安,因为,这种选择往往是强迫性的——虽然我们或不感觉,只不过是强势推销的产品,不见得是对我们 最好的;更因为,选择往往破坏了家里原有的秩序——伊拉克人究竟要不要欢迎美国士兵带进来的文化和价值呢?为什么要又为什么不呢?

  这种不安对第三世界的知识分子是很熟悉的。我曾经遇见一名印度作家,谈起我们年轻时知识的启蒙过程,发现我们都是美国新闻处的“受惠 者”。在那个物质与精神都匮乏的年代理,美国政府透过组织和金钱,有计划地将美国价值观全球输出。你说它不好吗?对于我们民主开放的追求,它是有重要贡献 的;说它好吗,它又包藏着其他的目的,也限制了我们对未来的想像。

  那么,对全球化的戒慎恐惧,和对国际化的追求,有没有矛盾?你不是一直呼吁要国际化吗,那么为什么对全球化又不是一心的拥抱?

国际化和全球化的差别

  国际化跟全球化两者之间有着非常关键的差别。全球化,在我的理解,是商品——包括物质和精神商品——的无远弗届;身处亚洲,我们往往是那“输入”的一端,备受影响,当然要无比的谨慎。国际化,是对于国际有深入的了解,掌握知识,从而发展出一种与国际沟通和接轨的能力。

  当你进入香港的网页,你发现它用老练的英语、生动的画面、完整的资讯,很有效地让外人马上认识这个城市:它的历史、它的特点,哪里好玩好吃,哪里可以带孩子去。

  当你进入台北的网页,障碍马上就出现:英语别扭,内容乾燥——应该是精彩的城市导游的地方,竟然是对观光者没有太大意义的政府组织结构。当你进入上海网站时,你发现,画面比台北活泼,设计也比台北对味,可是,一点进去,内容是空的。

  进入香港机场,视线所及之处是精美的巨幅广告,活泼的英语告示,现代感十足的商店,完善的路线指标。进入台北机场,突然安静下来,好像 到了“乡下”;英语少了,广告少了,指标少了。虽然整洁明亮,可是空旷寂寥。进入北京机场,就连“乡下”都不是了。墙上是空的,客人第一个看见的东西是高 悬在海关头上的“中华人民共和国出入境管理条例”。

  人们进入香港时,整个机场营造一种兴高彩烈的气氛告诉你,“香港是亚洲的世界之都,我们欢迎你”。进入文化最深厚的北京,劈面给你的第一印象却是冰冷森严的管制法令,犯了什么什么法的人会被递解出境云云。

用国际语言和手段“呈现”自己

  就文化内涵而言,香港其实是最薄弱的,相较之下,台北的当代文化最活跃,北京的历史文物最丰富,但是,在国际舞台上的演出——不论是参 与或者是观光客与人口的比例,香港却是最高的。台北和北京都不太懂得要如何将自己的内涵呈现出去。我们说,香港最“国际化”的意思就是,香港比较懂得用国 际的语言和手段“呈现”自己。

  所以国际化是一个呈现的能力。但是不要误会为那只是表面的包装和行销。就譬如学习英语,一个把英语的文法学得烂熟,语汇背得特别多的人,不见得会使用英语,因为语言的背后藏着习俗和价值;不懂得这些习俗和价值,是不可能真正掌握一个语言的。

  可以正确地拼写出democracy或者civil society的人,不见得会用这两个词。或者说,会使用这两个词,指的不是只会拼写或发音这两个字而已。同样的,当我们所谓懂得国际的呈现方法,一定意 味着懂得国际的内涵——文化的问题、政治的发展、市场的运作、竞争生态的改变、新思潮的涌现等等。掌握了对内涵的了解,心中有一个标准,才可能知道如何呈 现可以达到目的。

  有了这个标准,“闭门造车”的可能性就减低了。我们会比较知道要做什么才能和国际“接轨”。一个让人看得懂的网页、一个让人觉得亲切 的机场,一个城市让人看得见它的美好、认得出它的特别,都是“轨”接得好不好的问题。可是接轨的意思,是把自己的轨道和别人的接上,以便于将自己的货物输 出。轨道,与国际一致,火车里的货物,却得力求独此一家,否则,没有独特风格,谁要你的输出呢?

不是把自己淘空换别人的内容

  如果我们有优秀的文学作品,那么国际化就是懂得如何将这些作品推销全球,譬如哈利波特的全球化。但不是让我们的作家模仿哈利波特的写作内容。如果我们的石库门、四合院文化是一种独特的美学,那么国际化就是懂得如何保存这个美学而且将它发扬光大,吸引全世界来欣赏它。

  国际化的意思,不是把自己淘空,更不是把自己的内容换成别人的内容。道理何其简单:谁要你模仿的、次等的、没有性格没有特色的东西呢?

  巴黎要跟纽约竞争,会把自己的老房子老街拆了去建和纽约一样的高楼大厦吗?那会是一个笑话。人们不辞千里去看古罗马,是为了什么?人们不辞千里来看北京城,又是为了什么?是为了来看北京的超现代高楼或者法国人设计的模仿巴黎香榭丽舍的王府井吗?

  我们的建筑,已经找不到自己的词汇。我们把土地和城市提供出来,让别人实验他的词汇,驰骋他的想像。我们的音乐走西方交响乐团的路线, 走不出自己的路。我们的文学,有一点国际输出,可是其中有相当的比例不是汉语的精华,而是满足他人猎奇心理的投其所好。我们的视觉艺术,要界定自己的“当 代”,还有困难。

  我的问题是:你要求有中国自己特色的、独立的“当代”,请问你那个土壤在哪里?当土壤非常薄的时候,创造出来的东西,当然除了性的大 胆、文革的恐怖、毛的讥讽之外,就是西方的模仿,不论是建筑或是音乐。而你可能被接受,只不过因为你是“神秘”的中国,所以拙劣也可能被当做观赏的对象。 我觉得我们要对自己非常苛刻地追问,要有自己“当代”的花朵出来,请问你的土壤在哪里?

实验、寻找属于自己的“当代”

  思考这个问题,我们可以看看林怀民的云门舞集。林怀民接受的是美国现代舞的训练,开始回到台湾去创建舞团时,自己就已经很清楚了自己的 位置,他说:“我如果只是跟着美国现代舞这样走下去的话,到最后就只不过是一个现代舞团罢了”。于是他开始深入中国的古典和台湾的生活:京剧、楚辞、太极 拳、书法、台湾本土诞生的历史、乡土信仰里的“怪力乱神”……最优雅古典的和最生猛原始的,都成为他创作的泉源。

  我有一次在维也纳看云门演出。民间信仰的乩童,经过现代舞的诠释,上了舞台。“魅”的文化和“去魅”的努力交揉;林怀民在实验、在寻找他自己的“当代”。

  云门舞集成为蜚声国际的亚洲舞团,和柏林的、纽约的、伦敦的各色舞团做激烈的国际竞争,头角峥嵘。云门一年12个月国际的邀约不断,两 年后的档期都已满,也就是说,它娴熟国际的“呈现”手法,在国际的“轨道”上奔驰,但是它的火车里载的,可不是美国现代舞的模仿,也不是卖弄的东方情调。 火车所输出去的内容有楚辞、太极拳、行草书法、红楼梦,有闽南人的悲欢离合、信仰与失落,有欧美的现代元素,综合吐纳出一个属于他自己的“当代”。

  把铁轨接好,让外面的火车送货进来,同时让自己的火车开出去,盛满自己的东西。当“国际化”被误解为模仿和抄袭的时候,我们的城市就逐渐失去它自己的面貌,走到哪里都似曾相识。我们的音乐和艺术,带来的是二手的感动。

  国际化是设法将铁轨铺好,找到衔接的地方,却不是把火车装进别人的货物,抛掉自己的传统。传统从来就不是死的,死的只是我们自己的眼睛。传统永远是活的,只是看你当代的人有没有新鲜的眼睛,活泼大胆的想像力,去重新发现它,认识它。

  因此,在全球化排山倒海而来时,最大的挑战可能是到底我们找不找得到铁轨与铁轨衔接的地方,也就是西方跟东方,现代跟传统,旧的跟新的那个微妙的衔接点;找到那个点之后,大概就可以在全球化的大浪里,找到自己真正可以安身立命的地方了。



~龙应台

20 Jun 2009


___________

我喜欢用一种被人羡慕的身分羡慕别人
为什么是羡慕而排挤掉了忌妒且二话不说的跳过了不予置评
然后挑了这样的一个说法呢

所以嘛我说
“羡慕”是我们口腔唇齿的组合形状和声带磨擦以后
用声音铺起来的一张还算舒服的床

把你喜欢的人
也一起带到这张床上吧

互相羡慕 互相帮助



“你知道吗我其实很羡慕你”
“喔是吗”



~陈绮贞

14 Mar 2009

试试post一下长篇的文字,顺便分享一篇好的文章 ;)

转载自:
陈文茜专栏:給十八岁以下的你

这封信写給不知名的你或妳。

现在的你或刚进大学校园,或仍等待一关又一关的学测,好进梦想中的校园。

然而,二○○八年九月源自华尔街的金融海啸,让台北或高雄的你,开始迷惘未来。四年后人生什么样?十年后世界又是何种风貌?

十八岁,有些人已走了很长的路。

十八岁,林语堂也刚离开福建鼓浪屿,前往上海圣约翰大学就读。

林语堂本是福建漳洲旁小村落龙溪的「土孩子」,改变他一生的,是父亲从小给他的国际视野。破落的龙溪乡下,有位长老教会的牧师,自小以中英文自学教导他的儿子,并谆告「长大定要念世界一流

大学。」

自幼起林语堂即离乡寄读鼓浪屿中小学,一个动乱的中国,一个看起来毫无希望的乡下孩子。他忍受了童年的孤独,藉由一块偶然开放的钢琴之岛(鼓浪屿别名),与世界悄悄连结。

他的同学里有英、法、葡、西…各国领事小孩,林语堂没为他的孩提时期留下太多纪录,唯一惦记在心的是父亲的话,大海的另一边是另一个世界,「要读世界一流大学」。

林语堂后来实践了父亲的梦想,先留美于哈佛,再留德。

他是世界上第一位华人《纽约时报》畅销书排行榜作家,其作《生活的艺术》(Importance of Living)连续登「纽时」榜首五十二周,文字行云流水,语带幽默。

严苛地说,他的文学造诣比不上同一时代的沉从文、鲁迅、张爱玲甚至辜鸿铭,但他在世界文坛地位远远超越同辈,只因他拥有的世界观,尤其以英文书写的能力。

十八岁,霍金还在足球场上奔驰;他没料到数年后,自己即将罹患肌肉萎缩症。就读英国牛津大学博士班时,他的脑神经已开始明显受损,一天比一天不会说话,一日比一日手脚萎缩,直至我们今天看

到的「怪物」。

蜷曲于特殊设计的轮椅,霍金二十五岁后只能透过合成器发音,与世界甚至宇宙沟通。

十八岁时的他,及时抓紧了青春,满街追逐「女生」、踢足球;他一生相信,这世界最大的谜就是「宇宙」与「女人」。往往阅读完爱因斯坦的物理著作,左手一搁,右手就拿起王尔德的「败德」文学

,探勘那女人究竟怎么回事。

十八岁,巴菲特已卖过口香糖、二手高尔夫球、爆米花…买进股票,赚了一笔又赔光…并且当过送报生。

他不喜欢杆弟类的劳力工作,但热爱送报生的生涯。他拥有一条送《华盛顿邮报》的路线和两条《时代先锋报》的路线,两报立场一左一右。

每天送报前,他总是同时阅读支持罗斯福与反对罗斯福的新闻论点,然后沿途「一个人工作,自己想通某些事」,除非那个路段「有只恶犬」。

巴菲特出生于一九三○年八月,算起来他娘怀胎时正巧一九二九年十月大股灾前后;更倒楣的还在后头,他十一岁某个星期天,一家人刚做完礼拜开车返家,广播突然插播「日本袭击珍珠港」,车上一阵

骚动。从收音机巴菲特得知二次大战就此开启,更大的灾难要来了。

巴菲特的父亲是他心目中的「大人物」,为了反罗斯福,还曾绝望地投入一场必输的众议员选战。母亲会弹管风琴,但平时只要一开口,对孩子尽是负面攻击语言。巴菲特传记作者发现他常大谈自己的

父亲,或「父母亲」,但绝不单独提到「妈妈」。

他的友人则回忆,巴菲特自小蒙受母亲的语言羞辱,这是他长大后既需他人安慰,也冷静无情的动力。

一个没有太多爱的孩子,对世界拥有很多梦想,但没有不切实际的幻想。

对巴菲特而言,如果母爱都不可信赖,长大后谁能轻易信赖?冷静看「财报」,一切「眼见为凭」。

这是股神的童年故事,时代与家庭让一个十八岁的孩子过分早熟,但也学得五十岁的人都学不到的人生智慧。

十八岁的你是健康的,而世界的经济是生病的;十八岁的你是青春的,而台湾的政治是衰老的。

十八岁,学学林语堂,爱你生长的地方,了解你受教的文化,但别被故乡拴住一切,勇敢地往前走,往更大的世界探索。

十八岁的你,学学巴菲特,把童年的遗憾当作人生历练,愈唠叨的妈愈能历练冷静抗压的投资之神。

十八岁的你,学学霍金,及时享受青春的美好,人生有太多不测,别尽苦恼华尔街发生什么事,抓住青春的尾巴,热爱你的生命。

十八岁的我,发生中坜做票事件,世界正历经第一次石油危机。卫生纸遭囤积,沙拉油也被厂商炒作,涨了十倍。上厕所擦屁股都是番奢侈,今天想来,还真觉有趣。

我最遗憾的是十八岁前没把英文学好,无能以英文书写;没环游世界,趁年轻闯荡天涯。最高兴的是大一念民法亲属篇,知道女人一嫁,什么都没,并预知法律不适合我,毕业后早早转行。

欣羡年仅十八岁的你或妳。

2009-01-15【陳文茜】